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Actinic Keratoses

Actinic keratoses are rough, scaly patches of skin caused by long-term sun exposure. They develop when ultraviolet (UV) damage alters skin cells over time. While actinic keratoses are considered pre-cancerous, most do not progress to skin cancer. However, because a small percentage can evolve into squamous cell carcinoma, medical evaluation and appropriate treatment are important.

COMMON CHARACTERISTICS / SYMPTOMS

  • Rough, dry, or scaly patches that may feel like sandpaper
  • Pink, red, tan, or skin-coloured lesions
  • May be flat or slightly raised
  • Can itch, burn, or feel tender, but often asymptomatic
  • Most commonly found on sun-exposed areas such as the face, scalp, ears, hands, forearms, chest, and shoulders

CAUSES & PREVENTION

Causes include:

  • Chronic sun exposure over many years
  • Fair or light skin tones
  • History of sunburns
  • Outdoor work or recreational sun exposure
  • Weakened immune system

Prevention strategies:

  • Daily use of broad-spectrum SPF 30+
  • Protective clothing and hats
  • Avoidance of tanning beds
  • Routine skin checks, especially for patients with prior sun damage

TREATMENT & PROCEDURE

Should Actinic Keratoses be treated?

Yes. Although actinic keratoses are not skin cancer, they are considered pre-cancerous. Treating them reduces the risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma and helps manage overall sun damage. Any lesion that grows, bleeds, becomes painful, or changes appearance should be evaluated promptly.
What does the procedure involve, and is it painful?

Treatment depends on the number, thickness, and location of lesions. Most treatments are quick and performed in-office. Sensation ranges from mild warmth or stinging to brief discomfort, depending on the method used. Local anesthetic is used for surgical procedures when needed.

What treatment options are available?

Treatment is tailored to the lesion and the patient’s overall skin health and may include:

  • BBL HEROic™ (BroadBand Light):
    Treats widespread sun damage and early actinic keratoses by targeting abnormal cells and improving overall skin quality.
  • ProFractional™ Laser:
    Used for more advanced or resistant lesions and for patients with significant cumulative sun damage.
  • Medical-grade topical therapy:
    Prescription creams may be used to treat visible and subclinical lesions across a broader area.
  • Minor surgical removal or biopsy:
    Recommended when a biopsy & diagnostic confirmation is required for lesions that are thick or greater than 1 cm in size, rapidly increasing in size, tender, recurrent, or ulcerated.

Dr Copeland will determine the safest and most appropriate option based on clinical assessment.

RISKS, RECOVERY & AFTERCARE

What are the risks?

Potential risks vary by treatment method and may include:

  • Temporary redness, swelling, or crusting
  • Sensitivity or irritation during healing
  • Changes in pigmentation
  • Rare scarring (more likely with surgical treatment)

All risks and expectations are discussed before treatment.
What is recommended for aftercare?

  • Diligent sun protection (SPF 30+ daily)
  • Gentle skincare while healing
  • Avoidance of picking or scratching treated areas
  • Follow-up skin checks as advised

Ongoing sun protection is essential to prevent recurrence and reduce future risk.

COSTS

What is the cost of AK removal

Starting price $550 per treatment. Actual prices will depend on the size and location, among other factors.

No Referral Required

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IMPORTANT

Important:This guide is for educational purposes only. It does not provide medical advice or diagnosis.
If you are unsure about any skin lesion, professional assessment is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.