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MOLES

Moles are benign growths of melanocytes (pigment cells) that cluster within the skin. They’re classified by depth and appearance—junctional (flat/brown, at the epidermal–dermal junction), compound (slightly raised/brown), and intradermal (soft, skin-coloured or light brown, often dome-shaped). Moles may be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develop over time). Some people also form atypical/dysplastic nevi, which look different from their other moles and require closer observation.

Most moles are harmless and stable. A small minority change in ways that merit biopsy to exclude melanoma

SYMPTOMS & CHARACTERISTICS

  • Typical: symmetrical, smooth borders, uniform colour; flat or slightly raised
  • By type: junctional = flat/brown; compound = raised/brown; intradermal = soft/skin-coloured, may have hair
  • Atypical features (seek assessment): Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Colour variegation, Diameter >6 mm, Evolution (ABCDE)
  • Other red flags: a new “ugly duckling” unlike your other moles; itching, bleeding, crusting, or rapid change; firm, blue-black, or nodular lesions (think EFG: Elevated, Firm, Growing)

CAUSES & PREVENTION

Why moles form: Genetics, UV exposure (especially childhood/adolescent sun), skin type, and total nevus count. New moles can still appear in adulthood, though new or changing lesions after ~age 30 deserve attention.

Prevention & monitoring: Daily broad-spectrum SPF 30–50, protective clothing/hat, no tanning beds, and gentle skin care. Perform monthly self-checks (use the ABCDE and “ugly duckling” rules) and schedule periodic professional exams based on your risk.

TREATMENT & PROCEDURE

Do all moles need removal?

No. Benign-appearing, stable moles don’t require removal unless they’re irritated (shaving/clothing), repeatedly traumatized, symptomatic, or removed for cosmetic reasons. Suspicious lesions should be removed for diagnosis.

What does the procedure involve, and is it painful?

After local anaesthetic, we remove the lesion by either:

  • Excisional biopsy/excision (elliptical removal with a small margin; preferred when diagnosis is uncertain).
  • Shave removal (for raised intradermal moles when diagnosis is clear and cosmetic smoothing is desired).
    You’ll feel pressure but no sharp pain once numbed. Closure may require stitches (face: ~5–7 days; trunk/limbs: ~10–14 days). We avoid lasers for pigmented lesions that might need pathology.

RISKS, RECOVERY & AFTERCARE

What are the risks of mole removal?

Scar (size depends on technique/site), infection or bleeding (uncommon), pigment change (lighter or darker), and recurrence/re-pigmentation—more likely after shave removals (sometimes called “pseudomelanoma” histologically). Rarely, wider excision is recommended if pathology shows atypia extending to margins.
Most typical moles remain stable and can be safely observed. However, a mole that is evolving or atypical should be biopsied—delaying removal of a suspicious lesion could miss an early melanoma. When in doubt, get it checked.

What aftercare do you recommend?

Do

  • Keep the area clean and dry for the first 24 hours, unless instructed otherwise.
  • After the first day, gently cleanse the area once or twice daily with mild soap and water.
  • Apply a thin layer of petroleum jelly or prescribed ointment and cover with a clean bandage if recommended.
  • Protect the area from sun exposure during healing and afterward. Use SPF 30 or higher mineral-based sunscreen and physical protection such as a hat or clothing.
  • Follow any specific instructions regarding suture care if stitches were placed.
  • Attend follow-up appointments for suture removal and wound evaluation if required.

Don’t

  • Do not pick at scabs or crusting, as this can increase the risk of scarring or infection.
  • Avoid soaking the wound (baths, hot tubs, pools, or swimming) until the site has healed or your physician advises it is safe.
  • Avoid applying harsh skincare products (retinoids, exfoliating acids, or active treatments) directly on the healing area until it has fully recovered.
  • Avoid stretching or rubbing the area excessively, particularly if sutures are present.

Healing

Mild redness, tenderness, or a small amount of clear drainage can occur in the first few days. Healing time varies depending on the size and location of the removal and whether sutures were required.

Contact the clinic if you notice increasing redness, swelling, warmth, pus, or significant pain, as these may be signs of infection.

COSTS

What does it cost to have moles removed?

The cost of removing benign (non-cancerous) moles for cosmetic reasons is not covered by OHIP.

The cost to remove a mole starts at $550 . However, the cost varies based on factors such as the mole’s size (which may require more extensive removal procedures), location (can affect your procedure’s complexity), shape (irregular shapes may be more challenging), and method of removal. We will provide a detailed cost estimate during your consultation.

What to look for. The A,B,C,D,E's of Melonoma

Tap a card to see details.

IMPORTANT

Important:This guide is for educational purposes only. It does not provide medical advice or diagnosis.

If you are unsure about any skin lesion, professional assessment is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

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